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Robert T. CraigMark KNAPP

Understanding Body Language

Spoken language is only one of numerous ways human beings communicate with each other. We also send messages with our gestures, facial expressions, eye gaze, body odor, and vocal tone. Our physical appearance can have a profound effect on our life. What does research tell us about the nature and meaning of these and other nonverbal forms of communication? To what extent are they under our control? To what extent can and do we perceive them accurately? These and related questions will be pursued in this seminar which will also give special attention to nonverbal behavior in the teacher/student context.

Mark L. Knapp, the Jesse H. Jones Centennial Professor of Communication, is a specialist in nonverbal communication, communication and close relationships, and lying and deception. Professor Knapp is a former editor of Human Communication Research, and past president of both the International Communication Association and National Communication Association.

Mark L. Knapp (PhD, Pennsylvania State University, 1966) is internationally known for his work in nonverbal communication. Dr. Knapp teaches courses at the graduate and undergraduate levels in nonverbal communication, communication and personal relationships, lying and deception, and specialized seminars in interpersonal behavior.

Knapp and Vangelisti Win NCA Awards

Two professors in the Department of Communication Studies received National Communication Association awards recognizing outstanding work in the fields of teaching and family communication.

Dr. Mark Knapp

Dr. Mark Knapp has been named the 2004 recipient of the Donald H. Ecroyd Award for Oustanding Teacher in Higher Education, while Dr. Anita Vangelisti recieved the Bernard J. Brommel Award for oustanding scholarship in Family Communication.

"These awards are a significant acknowledgement of the caliber of faculty and the level of research being done in the College," said Interim Dean Roderick P. Hart. "To be selected for these awards is among the highest compliments."

Dr. Knapp was recognized for his dedication to teaching and his efforts to advance communication studies education. He is internationally known for his work in nonverbal communication and holds the Jesse H. Jones Centennial Professorship in Communication. A University of Texas Distinguished Teaching Professor, Knapp teaches courses in communication and personal relationships, nonverbal communication, lying and deception, and specialized seminars in interpersonal behavior.

Dr. Mark L. Knapp (Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University, 1966), Jesse H. Jones Centennial Professor of Communication and UT Distinguished Teaching Professor, is internationally known for his work in nonverbal communication. Having formerly taught at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Purdue University, and the State University of New York, Dr. Knapp has won teaching awards at every institution at which he has taught. He is the author of Nonverbal Communication in Human Interaction, Interpersonal Communication and Human Relationships, and has co-edited the Handbook of Interpersonal Communication. Dr. Knapp teaches nonverbal communication, communication and relationships, and lying and deception. He is the former editor of Human Communication Research. Past president of both ICA and NCA. He is an ICA Fellow and an NCA Distinguished Scholar. Dr. Knapp has lectured throughout the U.S. to academics, professional, and business groups.

Mark Knapp, Ph.D.
Jesse H. Jones Centennial Professor in Communication
College of Communication

CONTACT INFORMATION
Office: 512-471-3787 or 512-471-5251
E-mail: mlknapp@mail.utexas.edu
WEB PAGE: http://www.utexas.edu/coc/speech/faculty/MLKnapp/

BIOGRAPHY

Dr. Knapp has published eleven books, including: Nonverbal Communication in Human Interaction (translated into Spanish, Portugese, Japanese & Chinese); Interpersonal Communication and Human Relationships; and the Handbook of Interpersonal Communication. He is the recipient of the UT Chancellor's Council Outstanding Teaching Award and is a member of the UT Academy of Distinguished Teachers. He is a Fellow of the International Communication Association and was also President of that organization. He was designated as a Distinguished Scholar by the National Communication Association and he was also President of that organization. He was Chair of the Department of Communication Studies for seven years and is servied as interim Chair during 2000-200l. He has been a trainer/lecturer/consultant to over fifty different business organizations, voluntary groups, government agencies, and educational institutions.

Dr. Mark L. Knapp is the Jesse H. Jones Centennial Professor in Communication at the University of Texas, where he has taught for more than 20 years. In 1999 he was awarded membership in the University of Texas Academy of Distinguished Teachers. He is a Fellow of the International Communication Association and served as its President in l975-76. He received the Distinguished Scholar Award from the National Communication Association in l993 and served as President of that association in l989-90. Dr. Knapp has acted as consultant, lecturer, and/or trainer for over fifty different business organizations, voluntary groups, and government agencies. In addition, he is the author of 11 books and numerous chapters, articles and book reviews.

"Showing A World of Differences to students is likely to make a world of difference in them. This video will surely affect those student perceptions and attitudes which make or break encounters between people with different cultural experiences. It speaks directly and forcefully to students by using the words and experiences of their fellow students from around the world -- with an impact no instructor's lecture could duplicate. I would feel a lot better about the future of our planet if I knew every student in school today had seen this video and discussed the issues it raises." -- Mark L. Knapp, Distinguished Teaching Professor and Jones Centennial Professor in Communication, University of Texas

Relationship Development

Researchers have studied relationships to understand how they develop. One of the most popular models for understanding relationship development is Mark Knapp's Relational Stages Model 15. Knapp's model works well to describe many types of relationships: romantic couples, friends, busines partners, roommates, etc. Other models have also been discussed. For instance, Stephen Duck's Relationship Filtering Model 16 is another way of looking at how relationships begin. Read about these models and then complete an interactive activity and short quiz to test your knowledge.

Knapp's Relationship Escalation Model

Initiation. This stage is very short, sometimes as short as 10-15 seconds. In this stage, interactants are concerned with making favorable impressions on each other. They may use standard greetings or observe each other's appearance or mannerisms.

Experimenting. In the next stage, individuals ask questions of each other in order to gain information about them and decide if they wish to continue the relationship. "Many relationships progress no further than this point" 17.

Intensifying. Self-disclosure becomes more common in the intensifying stage. The relationship becomes less formal, the interactants begin to see each other as individuals, and statements are made about the level of commitment each has to the relationship.

Integrating. The individuals become a pair in the integrating stage. They begin to do things together and, importantly, others come to see them as a pair. A shared relational identity starts to form in this stage.

Bonding. During the bonding stage, a formal, sometimes legal, announcement of the relationship is made. Examples include a marriage, "best friend" ritual, or business partnership agreement. Few relationships reach this level.

Duck's Relationship Filtering Model

Sociological/Incidental Cues. Duck's model is a set of filters through which we make choices about the level of relationship we wish to pursue with others. The first filter, socioligical/incidental cues, describes the constraints placed on our meeting people due to where we live or work. In other words, given our sociological location, there are some people we see a lot of and others we never meet.

Preinteraction Cues. Information we gain about people before we even interact with them leads us to exclude or include individuals with whom we wish to have a relationship. For instance, the appearance of some individuals will cause you to avoid or approach them.

Interaction Cues. As we begin to interact with others, we make judgments about whether to include or exclude them from possible relationships.

Cognitive Cues. At the deepest level, we make judgments about people based on their personality and the degree to which we think it will match ours. As others reach this level, we consider them "best friends."

Knapp's Relationship Termination Model

Differentiating. In this stage, partners begin to stress the "me" instead of the "we." In other words, the individuals begin to assert their independence. They may develop different hobbies or activities. The relationship may continue to dissolve, or this stage may be a warning sign that the couple needs to address their relationship status.

Circumscribing. Communication between the couple diminishes during this stage. They tend to avoid certain topics of discussion. Outwardly, the couple appears normal. At this stage, attempts can be made to discuss the relationship and return it to a positive state.

Stagnating.During the stagnating stage, the individuals avoid discussing the relationship because they think they know what the other will say. Others begin to take notice that something is wrong.

Avoiding. The pair begins to physically separate themselves during the avoiding stage. The individuals try to reduce the opportunities for discussion.

Terminating. This is the final stage of the relationship. Termination may come naturally, such as at the end of the semester when roommates move out, or arbitrarily, through divorce. Termination of the relationship can occur positively or negatively.

 
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